Safe Fertilizer Information Institute

Your source for information about all aspects of waste-derived fertilizers

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Topic The Story
CKD

This story is about a luxury residential resort community in Michigan that was built on an old cement plant's dust piles. The piles have been leaking toxic substances into the bay and contaminating the surrounding property. One homeowner is quoted saying he has been unable to sell his home. There are warning signs and fences posted to keep people away from parts of the resort and the beach. The price tag for the clean-up is estimated to be $85,000,000. 

Read an environmentalist's view: Worst Places in the World, Source: http://www.sprol.com/?p=264

Read the cement industry's viewPenn-Dixie Quarry  Source: http://cementamericas.com/mag/cement_former_penndixie_site/ement Americas

Some things to think about with this story -
1) here's yet another story about just how toxic cement kiln dust is. Yes, this is the stuff that is used, untreated, in fertilizer (and animal feed but that's another even scarier story),
2) there's an old adage "the solution to pollution is dilution." Do you think CKD is less dangerous when 'diluted' in fertilizer with other (undefined and undisclosed) filler material?, and
3) the story (and you can be certain any future lawsuits will) make a big deal of whether the resort's homeowners had prior notice of the CKD before buying. The implication being they had informed consent, that they assumed the risk, and should not be able to sue for their harms. So, when there's millions in investment and there's a large quantity of toxic hazardous waste, there is notice. But when it's a $10 box of fertilizer with a relatively low level of (PBT) toxics, there is no notice required. At what level of dilution does/did or should that informed consent disappear?
4) do you think/feel differently about this story because this is polluting a luxury community instead of a poor community?

 Enviro.BLR.com

Notice that EPA's Zinc Fertilizer Rule removed the exemption for certain heavy metals in zinc fertilizershttp://enviro.blr.com/news.aspx?id=29240  A portion is excerpted here to demonstrate how easily the public (and the Court's) can be mislead when they don't have enough information to 'read between the lines.'

"EPA is satisfied with its course of action, ... because fertilizers are generally safe when used correctly, according to the agency’s studies*. Fertilizers made from recycled hazardous wastes are the only fertilizers subject to regulation under the EPA’s RCRA authority, and such fertilizers make up less than one half of one percent of the fertilizer market**.

EPA is encouraging states to create their own additional regulations for fertilizer contaminants, because many fertilizers, including those not made from recycled wastes, contain "appreciable levels of heavy metal contaminants.***" (emphasis added)

 

* This is factually incorrect: While the Zinc Fertilizer Rule's docket contains several reports produced by the EPA, none of those reports serve as the basis for EPA's claim of safety; they serve as EPA's documentation of the scale and scope of the practice of using industrial waste in fertilizer, and background of the synthetic fertilizer industry.  EPA's brief to the court in Safe Food and Fertilizer v. EPA cited a study prepared by the Chemical industry as their support that this practice is 'safe.' That report was not peer reviewed, entered into the rule-making docket, or even published for review by the public until after the Zinc Fertilizer Rule was finalized.

** This is factually incorrect: EPA documents the agency is unable to quantify the amount of waste-derived fertilizers because there are no laws requiring collection or disclosure of this information to the agency. This "one half of one percent" refers to only the waste-derived zinc fertilizer's market share, not waste-derived fertilizer's share of the total fertilizer market.

*** Note the contradiction - first paragraph: contaminated fertilizers are a very small portion of the market (EPA doesn't know what this portion is so there is no basis for claiming it is a small portion), second paragraph: many contain appreciable levels of contamination (further, these are only the few heavy metals for which EPA has taken notice. EPA has not taken notice of many toxic heavy metals present in fertilizers as documented by chemical analysis sponsored by several environmental groups.  See: Toxic Wasteland on "Court, Law Reviews, Other" tab).

NPR, Living On Earth 5/15/98

Interview with Tom Witte of Quincy, WA.  A farmer who claims his crops were damaged by waste-derived fertilizers. His story is included in Fear in the Fields by Duff Wilson, and Fateful Harvest by Duff Wilson.  http://www.loe.org/shows/shows.htm?programID=98-P13-00020#feature1

 

Soil Science 

New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers. Public Health Concerns with Hazardous Materials in Fertilizers, The Soil Profile, Vol 16:2006. Citing Waliser, Another Tragedy of the Commons.

Healthy Plants.org Science, Regulations and The California Fertilizer Industry, 2004.  Comment on the CDFA Risk Assessment and proposed regulation of waste-derived fertilizers. http://www.healthyplants.org/hvymtl04.htm
 Nuclear waste-derived fertilizer

Feb 2000.  Washington State Dept of Agriculture issues a Stop-Sale Order for Siemens' uranium-containing fertilizer.

 

The Stop-Sale Order was later rescinded and the nuclear waste-derived product is registered for sale and use in Washington.  

Cadmium contaminated fertilizer

Washington State Dept of Ecology, Focus: Imported Cadmium-Contaminated Zinc Sulfate used in Fertilizer and Other Products, July 2000. Doc: 00-04-025. Documenting fertilizer sold in Washington State that was highly contaminated with cadmium.  The same waste material was also sold into California, Oregon, and Mississippi for use in fertilizer and animal feed.